Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for Sphaerus, Cleanthes and Pierre Duhem

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7 ideas

1. Philosophy / D. Nature of Philosophy / 4. Divisions of Philosophy
20771 Six parts: dialectic, rhetoric, ethics, politics, physics, theology [Cleanthes, by Diog. Laertius]
13. Knowledge Criteria / A. Justification Problems / 2. Justification Challenges / c. Knowledge closure
20769 Sphaerus he was not assenting to the presence of pomegranates, but that it was 'reasonable' [Sphaerus, by Diog. Laertius]
14. Science / A. Basis of Science / 6. Falsification
22137 Observation can force rejection of some part of the initial set of claims [Duhem, by Boulter]
14. Science / B. Scientific Theories / 6. Theory Holism
18197 Experiments only test groups of hypotheses, and can't show which one is wrong [Duhem]
17. Mind and Body / A. Mind-Body Dualism / 8. Dualism of Mind Critique
6028 Bodies interact with other bodies, and cuts cause pain, and shame causes blushing, so the soul is a body [Cleanthes, by Nemesius]
17. Mind and Body / E. Mind as Physical / 1. Physical Mind
20831 The soul suffers when the body hurts, creates redness from shame, and pallor from fear [Cleanthes]
28. God / B. Proving God / 3. Proofs of Evidence / b. Teleological Proof
5993 The ascending scale of living creatures requires a perfect being [Cleanthes, by Tieleman]